Namsei (Angsai) is the focus of ShanShui Conservation Center’s community-based conservation project in Sanjiangyuan National Park. Local people are involved with the setting up and monitoring of camera traps to help build a better understanding of the wildlife in this special place. Involving the local community helps to build a shared appreciation of the richness of the biodiversity and the need to protect it.
山水自然保护中心在昂赛开展基于社区的保护行动。当地人担任监测员，安放并管理红外相机，从而更好的了解这个地区的野生动物。当社区参与到保护之中，有助于当地人更好的理解和珍惜生物多样性，并尽全力将其守护。
Given the pressure of overgrazing on the Tibetan Plateau, it is likely that the local people will be asked to reduce the number of yak in their herds. This has consequences for their already relatively low incomes and threatens their way of life. Many of the young people in the Valley of the Cats would like to stay but if incomes fall, they will be forced to leave for the city to earn a living. Wildlife watching tourism has the potential to help offset the reduction in income associated with reduced numbers of yak and thus could enable these families to stay in the valley and maintain their traditional way of life.
自然体验活动可以为当地人带来收入，使其直接从保护中受益，并且继续保持传统的游牧生活。
The arrangements for wildlife watching tourism have been put in place in full consultation with the local government and the local community and will continue only if the community is fully supportive.
自然体验活动由当地政府和社区进行管理，只有当获得来自当地的全面支持时，这项活动才会继续。
About ShanShui Conservation Center 关于山水自然保护中心
Shanshui Conservation Center is a major Chinese non-governmental organization based at Peking University. Founded in 2007 by Professor Lu Zhi, it focuses on community-based conservation on the Tibetan Plateau, in particular in the Sanjiangyuan (source of the three great rivers – Mekong, Yangtze and Yellow) region. Since 2009, the local government, Peking University and Shanshui have been collaborating on a Snow Leopard research and conservation project, aiming to protect the population through targeted action, including long-term community-based monitoring, population and threat assessments. The township of Namsei (Angsai), located in the county of Zaduo, in Yushu Prefecture has been chosen to be one of the main pilot areas for these actions.
山水自然保护中心是中国本土最主要的保护机构之一，由北京大学吕植教授于2007年创立，关注青藏高原的社区保护，尤其是三江源地区。从2009年开始，当地政府、北京大学和山水自然保护中心一起开展了雪豹研究和保护项目，希望通过有针对性的行动，比如说长期社区监测、种群和威胁评估来保护雪豹。玉树州杂多县昂赛县便是上述行动中的重要项目点。
The world snow leopard population is estimated at around 4,510-7,350, and in recent decades the number has decreased, primarily due to habitat loss, reduced prey, poaching and retaliatory killing. The snow leopard is listed as vulnerable (to extinction) by IUCN. Snow leopards originated from Tibetan Plateau 2.7-3.7 million years ago, and are now distributed over the Tibetan Plateau and central Asian mountainous region, and their habitat strongly overlaps with livestock.
全球只有4,510-7,350只雪豹，而且过去16年内估计数量下降了20%，主要原因包括栖息地丧失、猎物减少、偷猎和报复性猎杀。270-370万年前，雪豹起源于青藏高原腹地，如今分布在青藏高原和中亚山地，其栖息地与畜牧业分布区高度重叠。
China has 60% of world’s snow leopard’s population. Zaduo/Zadoi county is located in the core of the Tibetan Plateau and is the origin of one of the world’s greatest rivers, the Mekong. Research has shown that Zaduo/Zadoi has over 20,000 km 2 of snow leopard habitat, around 1/4 of Qinghai Province’s suitable habitat, and is therefore one of the best areas for snow leopards protection.
中国拥有全球60%的雪豹栖息地，杂多地处青藏高原腹地，是国际河流澜沧江的发源地，根据研究，杂多拥有拥有超过两万平方公里的雪豹栖息地，占青海省雪豹适宜栖息地的四分之一，也是中国雪豹保护最有希望的地区之一。
Snow leopards face similar threats all over the world, but these threats have varied over time. From the 1950s to the beginning of this century, snow leopards suffered from poaching. In recent decades, with conservation efforts, poaching is more under control. However, poaching and so-called retaliatory killing – when local people kill snow leopards for taking livestock – still happen. And other factors such as grazing pressure and grassland degradation that cause a decrease in prey also affect snow leopards.
雪豹面临的威胁因素与世界各地类似，在各个时期却各有不同。上世纪50年代直到本世纪初，雪豹可能一直遭受着无节制的猎杀。近十年来，保护逐渐得到重视，猎杀得到控制，但偷猎和报复性猎杀依然时有发生。放牧压力与草地退化导致的猎物短缺，以及有待调查研究的疾病，都是亟需关注的威胁。
Our Mandate 使命
Since 2013, the local government, Peking University and Shan Shui Conservation Center together launched a snow leopard research and conservation project, hoping to protect the snow leopard population through targeted action such as long-term monitoring, population and threat assessment, and cooperation with the local community. Since the snow leopard is a flagship species for Sanjiangyuan (Three Rivers Origin), the
conservation efforts are an important priority.
自2013年开始，杂多县人民政府、三江源国家公园澜沧江源园区管委会和北京大学和山水自然保护中心联合发起了雪豹研究和保护项目，希望通过长期的种群监测，评估雪豹种群现状和威胁，并通过与在地社区合作，开展有针对性的保护行动，实现雪豹种群的健康稳定。并希望通过雪豹这一旗舰种的号召效应，推动三江源整个生态系统的保护工作。
1、 Ecological Monitoring 野生动物社区监测
Based on 5km x 5km squares, 80 camera traps have been set up in 1750 km 2 of Angsai at an elevation of c5000m. These camera traps are operated and maintained by 80 local yak herders trained by ShanShui. In 2017, these camera traps effectively captured over 200,000 photos.
项目按照5公里x5公里的网格，在昂赛乡1750平方公里内，总共布设了80台红外相机。通过培训近80位牧民成为监测员，2017年红外相机年工作日超过2万天，有效捕捉照片达到25万张。
2、 Anti-poaching Patrol 反盗猎巡护
The project organizes herders for long-term anti-poaching patrol. Up to the end of 2017, the project has conducted over 400 patrols, covering 5000 km distance. Since 2016, no signs of poaching have been found in Angsai.
组织牧民开展长期的反盗猎巡护。2017年，总巡护次数超过400次，巡护距离将近5000公里。2016年至今，未发现任何铁丝套盗猎现象。
3、 Human-animal Conflict Fund 人兽冲突基金
The governmental compensation fund for snow leopard-live stock killing is not well-implemented. Therefore, retaliatory killing still exists. Since 2016, with the combined efforts of the local government, Shan Shui and the local community, the project has established a 240,000 RMB ($40,000) “Snow Leopard Insurance Fund” in Angsai Niandu village. As of end of 2017, the fund has compensated 222 snow leopard-live stock killings, which has helped to minimize the conflict between herders and snow leopards and ameliorated their attitudes towards wildlife.
由于雪豹捕食家畜，而政府补偿基金的实施不到位，牧民对于雪豹的报复性捕杀一直存在。自2016年起，通过政府投入、民间组织参与、牧民投保等方式，项目在昂赛乡年都村建立了总金额为22万元的“雪豹保险基金”试点。到2017年目前为止，基金已完成222起野生动物肇事的补偿。对于减少牧民损失，减缓牧民对于野生动物的态度等方面，都取得了一定的成效。
4、 Stray Dogs Management 流浪狗管理
Due to the collapse of the previously strong market for Tibetan mastiffs and urbanization, stray dogs have become a potential threat to snow leopards, competing for food and spreading disease. To control this threat, the project has established a stray dogs sterilization and immunization programme since 2016.
随着近年来藏獒市场的崩溃以及城镇化带来的搬迁，流浪狗逐渐成为雪豹的潜在威胁，流浪狗除了和雪豹争夺食物之外，还有传播疾病的风险。为控制流浪狗对于雪豹的威胁，项目自2016年开始，在昂赛乡开展流浪狗绝育和疫苗项目，目前已开展第一期试点工作，绝育9只流浪狗。